Heater.



No. 828,874. PATENTED AUG. 21, 1906.

- R. H. BRADLEY.

HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 14, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES: IN VEN TOR mm M BY I 04 T ORNEYS.

N0. 828,1874.- 'PATENTED AUG. 21, 1906. R. H. BRADLEY.

HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.14, 1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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5 BY J i (ATTORNEYS.

THE NORRIS FEYERS 5a., WASHINGTON, n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROYAL H. BRADLEY, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO KELSEY HEATINGCOMPANY, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

HEATER.-

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 21, 1906.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ROYAL H. BRADLEY, of Syracuse, in the county ofOnondaga, in the State of New York, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Heaters, of which the following, taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improvements in heaters in which the air isfirst introduced in a cold state into a subchamber surrounding thefire-box and then passes unimpeded directly through vertical flues whichform the walls of the combustion-chamber and in S which-the air issubjected to a maximum safe heat.

The object, therefore, is to subject the air to a greater or less degreeof heat immediately upon its introduction, so as not to chill thefire-box and to permit it to gravitate upwardly naturally and withoutmaterial re' tardation through the vertical flues in which the heat isgradually intensified from bottom to top and is maintained at a highdegree in the distributing-chamber.

Another object is to provide a direct and indirect draft-controllerwhich is located so that the products of combustion always pass upwardlyto the smoke-flue.

Other objects will appear in the description, all tending toward the onegeneral purpose of increasing the efficiency of the heater.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical transverse sectionalview taken on line 1, Fig. 2, through the center of my improved heaterfrom front to rear. Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively horizontal andvertical sections taken on lines 2 2 and 3 3, Fig. 1.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts in all theviews.

In carrying out the objects of this invention I provide an outer shellor jacket 1, within which is located an ash-box 2, a fire-box 3, and asuperimposed heating-drum 4, the latter inclosing a series of verticalair-fines 5. The lower portion of the interior of the outer shell orcasing 1 beneath the lower wall of the shell 4 constitutes what may betermed a cold-air or sub chamber 6, having a cold air inlet 7 andsurrounding the fire-box 3 and also a greater portion of the ash-boX 2.The upper portion of the interior of the shell or casing 1 above theupper wall of the shell 4 forms what may be termed a distributingchamber8, which is provided with a series of outlet-openings 9 and communicateswith the subchamber 6 through the flues 5 and upright passages 10between the upright walls of the outer and inner shells 1 and 4. Thisouter shell 1, together with the ash-box 2, is mounted upon a suitablesupporting-base 11, the front end of the ash-box being provided with adraft or cleanout opening having a closure 12, while the top of saidash-box is formed with a circular grate-opening 13, surrounded by anannular flange 14.

The firebox 3 consists of lower and upper annular rings or sections 15and 16, both of which are corrugated transversely for forming uprightair-channels between the ribs of the corrugations, the lower sectionbeing seated upon the annular flange 14 in alinement with the opening13, while the other section 16 is seated. upon the upper end of thesection 15 and together form a continuous fire-box from bottom to top,which is preferably tapering downwardly from its upper end, theair-channels between the ribs of the corrugations permitting the passageof air for .the purpose of stimulating the draft and therefore increasesthe heat-radiating efficiency of the fire-boX.

The heating-drum or inner shell 4 is mounted upon and surrounds theupper end of the fire-box to receive the products of combustion andconsists,- essentially, of lower and upper decks 17 and '18 and acylindrical shell 19, the lower deck 17 being mounted directly upon theupper end of the fire-box and preferably upon brackets 20 projectingtherefrom, and the lower end of the durm 19 is seated upon the outeredges of the deck 17, while the upper deck 18 is formed of substantiallythe same diameter and parallel with the lower deck and is seated uponthe upper end of the drum 19. These lower and upper decks 17 and 18 arecircular in form and are provided with vertically-alined openings 21 and22, located side by side con-- centric with the fire -boX andcommunicate with the interiors of the upright air-flues 5, which areimpinged between the lower and upper decks within the drum 19. Theseupright air-flues 5 consist of separate hollow castings, each of whichis open at both ends and connects the alined openings 21 and 22 forforming a series of separate vertical airpassages from the subchamber 6to the disgreater heating-surface, but also to materitributing-chamber8, as best seen in Fig. 3. X The lower deck 17 practically surrounds theupper end of the fire-box and extends laterally therefrom,'so as tooverhan the subchamber 6,and the openings 21 t erefor lie directly oversaid subchamber. The lower ends of the upright air-fines 5 inclose theseopenings 21, while the upper ends of the Hues inclose the correspondingopenings 22 in the upper deck 18, the joints between the upright flues 5and lower and upper decks being tightly sealed to prevent any escape ofthe gases or products of combustion from the interior of the shell 4.The openings 22 in the upper deck 18 are somewhat lon er radially thanthe similar openings in the ower deck, and therefore the upper ends ofthe lines 5 are correspondingly elongated, the outer upright walls ofthe air-tubes being disposed in substantially vertical planes, and theinner walls are inclined upwardly and inwardly from bottom to top, whichcauses said upper ends of the inner walls to overhang the interior ofthe fire-box, and owing to the fact that these several upright flues arelocated side by side andconcentrically with the fire-box anupwardly-tapering combustion-chamber is formed by the inner walls of thefines, which operates to localize and concentrate the heat against thelines, thereby gradually increasing the intensity of the heat within theflues from the bottom upwardly. The distinct feature of this partof myinvention just described consists in the sectional fire-box and the drum4, mounted upon the upper end of the upper section of the fire-box andcommunicating therewith, together with the upright fines arrangedconcentrically around the firebox and connecting .the subchamber 6 withthe distributing-chamber 8.

In order to increase the area of the surface exposed to the heat fromthe fire box, the inner walls of the flue-sections 5 are corrugatedvertically from the bottom upwardly, thus forming upright ribs andair-channels, the object of this being not only to afford a allystrengthen the flues where they are subjected to the greatest heat.

Although the upright flue-sections are located side by side concentricwith the firebox, their adjacent side walls are separated from eachother for forming outlet-passages for the products of combustion, andtheir outer walls are separated from the drum 19 25, whereby theproducts of combustion are permitted to circulate entirely around eachof the flues.

The front walls of the outer and inner shells 1 and 4 are provided withalined openings extending from a horizontal plane in substantialalinement with the upper, face of the lower deck to a similar plane justbe- -tion of the space neath the upper deck 18, in which openings isinserted a hollow fuel-receiving frame 26,

having a fuel-opening of substantially the capacity of the formeropening, the framej opening being provided with closures 27 The objectof forming this vertical elongated opening in the front wall of thefurnace is to permit the use of either wood or coal as fuel, the lowerdoor being used separately for coal, orboth doors may be opened when itis desired to insert logs or large blocks of wood.

" The frame 26 is of substantially the same "size as and takes the placeof two uprightfl' flue-section's, except that its inner endis open andcommuincates with the combustion chamber, its upper and lower wallsbeing continuous from the exterior of the shell to thecombustion-chamber, so as to form fuel-conduit and prevent the escapeofgas, or. smoke into the air-chambers arid conduits.

A smoke-box 28 is supported in the upper rear portion .of the chamber 25between the lower deck 17 and upper deck 18 and is, 'pro- Vided with asingle smoke-outlet flue 2,9,, which protrudes through the rearwalls ofthe shells 1 and 4. The bottom of the smoke box is some distance abovethe lower deck 17, thus leaving an open space to which access may be hadthrough a clean-out opening 30 for permitting the removal of soot whichmay accumulate upon and around the fines and upon the lower, deck. Theupper per; formed by the omissionof two of the lines at the rear of thecombustionchamber is bridged by an upright wall 31, which forms a partof the smoke-box, and the bottom of this smoke-box is forme'd wrthdirect-draft opening 32, in which is moyable a damper 33. This damperis, disposed in substantially the same horizontal plane as and whenclosed forms a continuation of the baffle-plate sections 34, whichextend in opposite directions equal distances from the op; posite sidesof the smoke b ox across, the chamber 25 and around the rear, and sideupright air-fines 5 for a purpose presently de; scribed. The damper 3 3is provided at ends with suitable trunnions, which'are jour; naled inthe sides of the smoke-box near the bottom, and on the front edge of theda per near one end is an upwardly-projecting. arm 35, to which isconnected a pull-rod 36, hav:

ing its, outer end extending through suitable tinuous upflow ofthe-products of combustion from the fire-pot to the final exit when thedamper is set for either a direct or indirect draft. Another advantageof the single smoke-exit fiue is that a minimum amount of pipe isexposed to corrosion, and therefore the expense of repairs, which arefrequently required on this part of the furnace, is materially reduced,and I am also enabled to set up the furnace in cramped places, where itwould be impossible to use two external smoke-pipes for the direct andindirect drafts. A still further advantage is that almost all of thecastings are concealed Within the outer shell 1 and that only onesmokepipe is visible.

When an indirect draft is required, the damper 33 is closed or moved toa horizontal position, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2. Then the products ofcombustion will pass upwardly and laterally between the airflues andaround the ends of the bafiEle-plate sections 34 and continue upwardlyand laterally through the openings 37 in the sides of the smoke-box andthence through the exit 29. If a direct draft is required, the damper 33is opened or tilted from a horizontal position, so that the products ofcombustion will pass upwardly from the combustion-chamber directlythrough the opening 32 into the smokebox and thence into the smoke-exit29, the flow of the products of combustion in either case being alwaysupward, and therefore the indirect draft is more effective under. allconditions than would be the case if the prod ucts of combustion had topass downward before reaching the final discharge.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. In a heater the combination with a firepot, a superimposed shellhaving a lower deck surrounding the upper end of the firepot andprovided with air-passages, upright fiues rising from the lower deck andalined with the passages, an upper deck provided with air-passagesalined with said flues, a smoke-box disposed adjacent a space betweentwo of said fiues and extending from near the said upper deck to nearthe said lower deck, said smoke-box having a top, an

upright rear wall, and upright side walls, saidsmoke-box having openingsin its side walls, a damper arranged in the smoke-box below saidopenings in the side walls and a baffle-plate extending from the sidewalls of the smoke-box partly around said flues.

2. In a heater, the combination with a firepot, a superimposed shellhaving a lower deck surrounding the upper end of the firepot andprovided with air-passages, upright flues rising from the deck andalined with the passages, a fuel-inlet conduit leading to the edge ofthe fire-pot, a smoke-outlet conduit leading from the interior of theshell, a smoke box comprising a top, an. upright rear wall and uprightside walls, said smoke-box being arranged between said flues and thewall of said shell and connected to the smoke-outlet conduit, theupright rear wall of the smoke box extending across a space between twoof said flues, said smoke-box having openings in its side walls, abaffle-plate extending from the smoke-box partly around the lines, adamper in the smoke-box above the lower end of the smoke-box andsubstantially in the same plane as said baffle-plate; the smokebox, thedamper and the baffle-plate constituting with the smoke-outlet, directand indirect passages for the products of combustion.

3. A heater comprising a fire-box and a superimposed heating-shellcomposed of lower and upper decks, an upright drum between said decks,and air-flues extending from the lower deck to the upper deck, saidair-flues being spaced at regular distances apart for a portion of thecircumference of the fire-pot and with a wider space at one point, asmokebox arranged adjacent said wider space, said smoke-box being formedwith an upright rear wall facing said space, a damper arranged withinsaid smoke-box and a baflie-plate extending from the sides of thesmoke-box around the said flues, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 7th day of January,1903.

ROYAL H. BRADLEY. Witnesses:

H. E. CHASE, HOWARD P. DENISON.

